Pathogen-host interaction is a field of research that focuses on the complex relationship between pathogens (such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites) and their hosts (humans, animals, or plants). This research area seeks to understand how pathogens invade host organisms, how hosts defend themselves against pathogens, and how pathogens evolve to evade host defenses. Scientists study the molecular mechanisms underlying pathogen-host interactions, exploring how pathogens interact with host cells to establish infection, replicate, and cause disease. This research also investigates how hosts mount immune responses to combat pathogens, including both innate and adaptive immune responses. Understanding pathogen-host interactions is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and treat infectious diseases. This research area can inform the development of vaccines, antibiotics, and other therapeutics that target specific aspects of pathogen-host interactions to enhance host immunity and combat infectious diseases.